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Electrostatic Vs Dynamic Headphones and Speakers Planar drivers are headphones that have a flat diaphragm covered with conductors that are equally responsive to the audio signal, rather than a spherical wavefront that is focused like dynamic headphones. However, they require a specialized amplifier and are typically more expensive than their dynamic counterparts. They are well-known for their image quality, clarity and distinction capabilities, but they lack the punch and slam as you would receive with dynamic headphones. They're also a bit bigger and consume more power. Dynamic Dynamic headphones and speakers are the most common kinds that people purchase, but audiophiles have long preferring planar drivers due to their superior sound quality. Planar magnetic headphones are typically priced higher than dynamic ones and require a special amplifier for use (though newer technologies are lowering the cost). The technology behind planar speakers and headphones is different from traditional moving-coil systems. It works on a more sophisticated principle. The concept is simple: A thin, flat diaphragm is suspended between two perforated plates. When audio signals are pushed through the plates, the film membrane is able to move between them due to electrical attraction and repulsion — just as condenser microphones work. When coupled with a top-quality headphone amplifier, the result is very natural and precise reproduction of music, without distortion or other issues that can be seen with more conventional designs for dynamic sound. Planar headphones provide the most precise soundstage but also have a neutral sound signature and a better transient response compared to dynamic models. Dynamic drivers, on the other hand can be prone to distortion at higher volumes, as they only vibrate the portion of the diaphragm attached to the voice coil. This causes tiny distortions that can affect the overall quality of the audio reproduction. Planar headphones tend to have greater imaging capabilities, making it easier to identify instruments in the stereo image. This is because the diaphragms of planar headphones are more spherical and carries an even wavefront when responding to an audio signal. However, older dynamic headphones tend to drop around 20hz, which could negatively impact their bass extension and punch. They are also able to reproduce the full spectrum of frequencies. This lets the listener hear music as it was intended by the audio engineers. Dynamic headphones might have trouble reproducing frequencies that are not within their intended range. This is particularly applicable to closed-back models. Lastly, planar headphones are usually a little more difficult to drive than dynamic ones. This is because the conductors of the planar driver cover only less than a quarter of the diaphragm, and must be driven by a higher current than dynamic headphones. This leads to an increased power requirement and increased overall complexity which requires the headphones to be significantly larger for comfort and portability. They also require a bias source to function (although newer technologies are decreasing the requirements for this). Despite this, planar headphones can be an excellent option for listeners who want a premium headphone experience. They are incredibly comfortable to wear and have clear, natural sound that is unparalleled by other types of headphone. They are also very durable, so they will last for many years. Planar Traditionally, headphones that employ dynamic drivers make a cone vibrate using voice coils. This technology has been in use for a century and is relatively inexpensive. However it has its downsides. The distortion is caused by the voice coil can only move part of the diaphragm. Many high-quality headphones, especially those that require an amplified signal in order to function, have a 'flattened frequency response. This reduces distortion at higher frequencies. A more recent alternative to the dynamic driver is a planar magnetic headphone, that utilizes a flat diaphragm and an array of magnets to create sound. These headphones typically have a more even motion and less distortion than dynamic headphones, and they can also generate a hefty quantity of bass. These headphones are hard to drive with integrated amps. They usually require a separate headphone amplifier to achieve their full potential. Some of the most popular planar headphones available are from HiFiMAN and Audeze. These headphones are often constructed from exotic materials like beryllium. This lets them have an extremely wide frequency range, but still able to reproduce precise sound. But, what we're seeing is that while these headphones can offer amazing image structure and clarity, they can sometimes lack that sense of punch or slam you'll experience when you use a dynamic headphone. Another issue with planar headphones is that they're susceptible to resonances, which can cause unintentional noise or leakage of acoustic. While these issues aren't necessarily a deal-breaker for most listeners, it's important to know what you're getting into when considering the purchase of a pair of planar headphones. We suggest that you try several different models regardless of whether you decide to go with an active headphone or a planar one. This will help you decide which type of headphones work best for your particular requirements. If you're a listener who is casual who needs a product that is simple to use and comfortable, a dynamic headphones could be the right choice for you. If you'd like to listen to everything clearly and with clarity the planar headphones are the best option. The SR-009 by Stax is a great example of this. There are a variety of other headphones that deliver excellent sound quality at affordable prices. These headphones may not have the Stax brand name or high price however they'll give you the sound you desire without any of the pitfalls that are associated with expensive electronics. If you're able to invest a bit more, you might be interested in an electrostatic headphone. It utilizes a totally different sounding principle and requires specific power sources and amplifiers. For the majority of people however, the more dynamic headphone that is affordable is still a great choice. Electrostatic Electrostatic forces are forces that are not contact that push or pull on objects without touching them. Coulomb's Law defines them as: Like charges repel and unlike charges attract. Students can be helped to grasp the concept by demonstrating everyday electrostatic phenomena. For example, plastic wrap will attract light particles when it's removed from a package and rulers attract paper that has been rubbed on them. Dynamic headphones are based upon the most basic of principles: a voice coil creates an electric force that creates a diaphragm motion. This motion generates sound waves which are pumped into the ears via earbuds or earcups. The cost of dynamic headphones is low because of this simple mechanism. This also means that they require more power, which could drain the battery of your smartphone quickly. Planar headphones On the other hand utilize an advanced technology to create sound. They use an extremely thin diaphragm that is floating between perforated metal plates. Electrostatic forces cause the membrane to move when audio signals are pushed across the plates. This creates uniform sound waves that are more precise and precise than those generated by a traditional headphone driver. Another benefit of this technology is that it allows it to operate at lower frequencies than headphones with dynamic features. This can lead to a more natural, richer sound and a better bass response. The headphones that are designed for planars tend to be more comfortable than their more dynamic counterparts. However, their more complex design and expensive price make them a more expensive option for many listeners. One drawback of planar headphones is their propensity to leak sounds outwards. This is because the motion of the diaphragm causes it to push sound out both directions instead of just pushing it towards your ear canal. These headphones are typically employed in quiet settings to keep from disturbing other people. While planar headphones provide superior audio quality, they also come with a higher price in comparison to their more dynamic counterparts. This is due to the intricate manufacturing process that is required to make the ultra-thin magnetics and ultra-thin membranes. Some listeners believe they are more expensive but that they provide better image separation, clarity, and representation of transients.